Preheat Your Oven: Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper or silicone baking mats.
Cream the Butter and Sugars: In a large mixing bowl, beat together the softened butter, granulated sugar (reserving 1 tablespoon), and brown sugar until light and fluffy, about 2 minutes.
Add the Egg, Vanilla, and Salt: Add the egg, vanilla extract, and kosher salt to the creamed mixture. Beat until smooth and well combined.
Mix the Dry Ingredients: In a separate bowl, whisk together the flour, instant vanilla pudding mix, apple pie spice (or cinnamon), and baking soda. Slowly add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients and mix until combined. Do not overmix.
Fold in the Apples and Caramel: Gently fold in the diced apples and chopped caramel candies until evenly distributed.
Shape and Bake the Cookies: Drop balls of dough onto the prepared baking sheets using a cookie scoop or tablespoon. Space them about 2 inches apart. Sprinkle the reserved sugar and spice mixture over the top of the cookies. Bake for 10-12 minutes, or until the edges are golden and the centers are set.
Cool and Enjoy: Allow the cookies to cool on the baking sheets for about 5 minutes before transferring them to wire racks to cool completely.